Albinism is hereditary which means it is not an infectious disease and cannot be transmitted through blood or contact. Albinism is caused by a flaw or defect in one or more of the genes that are responsible for producing melanin. Melanin is basically the pigment that gives color to skin, hair and eyes.
If both parents each carry the defected or flawed gene, they have a 1 in 4 chance of passing both copies of the defected or flawed gene to the child which means the child would have albinism.
There are 10 different types of albinism, each affecting different genes.
This is a link of a picture showing the chances of parents who carry the defected genes passing the defected genes on to their children: http://www.womenfitness.net/r_img2/albinism3.jpg.
This is a link that gives information about the type of albinism and the gene each affect:
http://albinismdb.med.umn.edu/.
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